Wolmer’s
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (GENERAL PROFICIENCY)
Grade 11 Teacher: Mrs. McCallum-Rodney
VALIDATION AND VERIFICATION OF INFORMATION
What is Verification of Information?
Verification is the act of reviewing, inspecting, testing, etc. to establish and document that a product, service, or system meets the regulatory, standard, or specification requirements.
Verifiable information can be proven as correct or incorrect. For example, security personal at an airport usually request some type of photo identification to verify that you are the person named on the ticket.
Verification looks at if you are building the product right.
What is Validation of Information?
By contrast, validation refers to meeting the needs of the intended end-user or customer. Validation looks at id you are building the right product.
Validation is the process of establishing evidence that provides a high degree of assurance that a product, service, or system accomplishes its intended requirements. This often involves acceptance of fitness for purpose with end users and other product stakeholders.
Validation is the process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct. Many programs perform a validity check that analyses entered data to help ensure that it is correct.
Comparison Table for Verification and Validation
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Validation |
Verification |
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Am I building the right product |
Am I building the product right |
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Determining if the system complies with the requirements and performs functions for which it is intended and meets the organization’s goals and user needs. It is traditional and is performed at the end of the project. |
The review of interim work steps and interim deliverables during a project to ensure they are acceptable. To determine if the system is consistent, adheres to standards, uses reliable techniques and prudent practices, and performs the selected functions in the correct manner. |
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Am I accessing the right data (in terms of the data required to satisfy the requirement) |
Am I accessing the data right (in the right place; in the right way) |
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High level activity |
Low level activity |
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Performed after a work product is produced against established criteria ensuring that the product integrates correctly into the environment |
Performed during development on key artifacts, like walkthroughs, reviews and inspections, mentor feedback, training, checklists and standards |
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Determination of correctness of the final software product by a development project with respect to the user needs and requirements |
Demonstration of consistency, completeness, and correctness of the software at each stage and between each stage of the development life cycle. |
Types of Validity Checks
Various types of validity checks include:
· Alphabetic checks
· Numeric checks
· Range checks
· Consistency checks
· Completeness Checks
Alphabetic and Numeric Check
An Alphabetic Check ensures that users enter only alphabetic data into a field.
A Numeric Check ensures that all users enter only numeric data into a field. For example, data in a First Name field should contain only characters from the alphabet (with exception of the special characters such as hyphen).
Range Check
A range check determines whether a number is within a specified range. Assume the lowest annual membership fee for a club is $25.00 and the highest is $90.00. A range check on the Annual Fee field ensures it is a value between $25.00 and $90.00
Consistency Check
A consistency check tests the data in two or more associated fields to ensure that the relationship is logical. For example, the value in a Date field cannot occur earlier in time than the value in a Date of Birth field.
Completeness Check
A completeness check verifies that a required field contains data. For example, in many programs, you cannot leave the Last Name field blank. The completeness check ensures that data exists in the Last Name field.
There are other errors that can occur based on typographical and transposition errors. Validity and verification checks should be made, by means of double entry to identify and check these errors.
A typographical error (shortened as typo) is a mistake made during the typing process. The term includes errors due to mechanical failure or slips of the hand or finger, but excludes errors of ignorance. Most typos involve simple duplication, omission, transposition, or substitution of a small number of characters.
A transposition error occurs when characters have “transposed” — that is, they have switched places. Transposition errors are almost always human in origin. The most common way for characters to be transposed is when a user is touch typing at a speed that makes them input one character, before the other. This may be caused by their brain being one step ahead of their body.
